Hinge



(No Model.)

' W. D. BUCHANAN.

' HINGE.

No. 580,448. Patented Apr. 13, 1897.

. 272m??? at? llwrrnn TATES WILLIAM D. BUCHANAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

HINGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 580,448, dated April13, 1897. Application filed October 26, 1896. Serial No. 610,088. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM D. BUCHANAN, of the city of St. Louis, Stateof Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHinges, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings,

, forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to hinges; and it consists in the novelconstruction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter shown,described, and claimed.

Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view through a door and the casing ofa door, taken at a point above one of my improved hinges, thus showing atop plan View of the hinge in the position it occupies when the door isentirely open, parts being broken away to economize space and differentpositions of the door being shown in dotted lines. The line upon whichthe view is taken is indicated by 1 1 in Fig. 3 and looking in thedirection indicated by the arrows. Fig.2 is a 'view corresponding toFig. 1 and showing the door closed. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a pairof my improved hinges in the position they occupy when the door is open,as in Fig. 1, and looking in the direction indicated by the arrow 3 inFig 1. Fig. 4: is an enlarged detail view of the parts composing thejoint of the hinge, the other parts of the hinge being broken away toeconomize space. Fig. 5 is a top plan View of the lower portion of thehinge. Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of the upper portion of the hinge.

Myimproved hinges are especially adapted to hanging window-blinds,screen doors, storm-doors, &c. The hinges are preferably made in pairs,as shown in Fig. 3, the diiference between the two hinges composing apair being that one of the spindles is considerably longer than theother spindle.

Referring by numerals to the drawings, 7 indicates the window or doorsill; 8,the frame or casing of the door or window; 9, the blind, screen,or door, and 10 and 11 represent a pair of my improved hinges.

My improved hinges are especially adapted for hanging a door or blind inposition outside of the plane occupied by the casing, as shown in Fig.2. In this construction the door or screen fits against the outer faceof the frame and its edges are not well protected.

A pair of my improved hinges consists of the upper part'12 and the lowerpart 13, forming the lower hinge, and the upper part 14 and the lowerhinge.

The upper part 12 consists of a rectangular plate 16, having countersunkapertures, through which are inserted the screws 17 for attaching saidplate to the door. Projecting from the edge of the upper half of theplate 16 is an arm 18, and upon the inner end of said arm 18 is formed avertical cylindrical portion 19, which has a vertical circular opening20 and a rectangular slot 21, communicating with said circular openingand both extending through its center. The cylindrical portion 19extends downwardly from the upper edge of the arm 18 about two-thirds ofthe distance across said arm, and a segmental wall 22, which describesnearly a half-circle, extends from the lower end of said cylindricalportion 19 to the lower edge of said arm 18. A lug 23 is formed upon theinside of the arm 18 and joined to the segmental wall 22. The upper faceof the lug 23 is substantially horizontal, while the lower face 24 ofsaid lug is vertically inclined at an angle of about fortypart 15,forming the upper five degrees relative to the arm 18 and horizontallyparallel relative to said arm. Formed upon the lower edge of thesegmental wall 22 is a V-shaped log 25, projecting downwardly at a pointnear the inner end of said wall. A bead 26 is formed around the outerface and lower edge of the cylindrical portion 19, and a lug 27 projectsfrom said bead at the side of the cylindrical portion 19 opposite thearm 18 backwardly and downwardly to a point on a plane with the loweredge of the segmental wall 22. The outer face 28 of said lug 27 isinclined at an angle of about forty-five degrees. The faces 24 and 28are formed upon substantially the same plane and are arranged radiallyand equidistant relative to the axis of the hinge.

The portion 13 consists of the rectangular plate 29, having countersunkopenings through which the screws 30 are inserted to attach said plateto the frame of the door or window. An arm 31 is formed upon the frontedge of the plate 29, with its free end substantially in line with thelower half of said plate. The upper edge 32 of the arm 31 issubstantially a segment of a circle and terminates at the upper end ofthe plate 29. Formed upon the free end of the arm 31 is a verticalcylindrical portion 33, which extends from the lower edge of said armupwardly about two-thirds of the way to the upper edge of said arm, andthe segmental wall 34 extends upwardly from the upper end of saidcylindrical portion 33 to the upper edge of said arm 31, and said wall34 is substantially a counterpart of the wall 22. V-shaped notches 35and 36 are formed in the upper edge of said wall 34 to receive theV-shaped lugs 25, carried by the wall 22. A lug 36 is formed upon theinner face of the upper edge of the free end of the arm 31 and joined tothe wall 34. The lower face of the lug 36 is substantiallyhorizontahvwhile the upper face 37 of said lug is vertically inclined atan angle of about forty-five degrees relative to the arm 31 andhorizontally parallel to said arm. The lug 37 is substantially thecounterpart of the lug 23 in an inverted position, and the inclined face28 engages the inclined face 37. A bead 38 is formed around the upperend of the cylindrical portion and is the counterpart of the bead 26. Alug 39 projects from said bead at the side opposite the arm 31 outwardlyand upwardly to a plane on a line with the upper edge of the wall 34 andhas the face 40 inclined at an angle of about forty-five degrees, whichface engages the inclined face 24. The lug 39 is a counterpart of thelug 27. Extending upwardly from the axial center of the cylindricalportion 33 is a spindle 41. The spindle 41 may be formed integral withthe cylindrical portion 33, or it may be set in the vertical openingformed through the center of said cylindrical portion 33, as desired.

Upon the upper end of the spindle 41 and upon the side thereof oppositethe arm 31 is a vertical rib or lug 42, the sides of which are paralleland designed to pass through the rectangular recess 21. The lower end 43of the lug 42 is substantially horizontal and is at a point relative tosaid spindle 41 which will bring it above the upper end of thecylindrical portion 19 when the spindle 41 has been inserted through thecircular opening 20, as shown in Fig. 4. When the walls 22 and 34 havetheir bearing-faces in opposition to each otherin other words, when thelower edge of the wall 22 is resting upon the upper edge of the wall34the end 43 of the lug 42 is directly above and close to the uppersurface of the cylindrical portion 19, as required to prevent thecylindrical portion 19 from sliding upwardly upon the pin 41. The lug 42is designed to prevent the two parts of the hinge from being separatedexcept when said lug is in vertical alinement with the recess 21, andthis occurs only when the door or blind is wide open, as shown in Fig.1, thus bringing the plates 12 and 13 in a line.

The portion 14 of the upper hinge corresponds to the portion 12 of thelower hinge in every essential.

The portion of the upper hinge corresponds to the portion 13 of thelower hinge in every essential except that the spindle 44 isconsiderably longer than the spindle 41 and the lug 45, formed on theupper end of said spindle, is considerably longer than the lug 42 andlong enough to bring the lower end 46 of said lug to a point'immediatelyabove the upper end of the cylindrical portion 19 of the portion 14. I

The object in having the pin of the upper hinge longer than the pin ofthe lower hinge is to avoid the necessity of inserting said pins intothe openings simultaneously. The long pin. is first placed in theopening 20 of the upper portion 14, and this part of the hinge needs nofurther attention. Then the shorter pin is guided into the opening 20 ofthe lower portion 12, after which the door or blind will settle down toits normal position. The door or blind can only be removed by separatingthe hinges when said door or blind is wide open and in a positionparallel with the frame, as shown in Fig. 1. When the door or blind isclosed and locked, it cannot be removed by separating the hinges exceptby breaking the hinge, and the heads of the screws being out of reachsaid hinges cannot be removed from either the door or the frame whilesaid door is in its closed position.

WVhen the door is wide open, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, thesegmental walls 22 and 34 are substantially in the same horizontal plane. When the door or blind starts to close, the inclined faces 28 and 36engage each other and the inclined faces 24 and 40 engage each other andthe faces upon the portions 12 and 14 slide upwardly upon the faces uponthe portions 13 and 15, thus raising the door until the lower edges ofthe segmental walls 22 rest upon the upper edges of the segmental walls34. Then as the door swings to the proper position, as indicated by thedotted lines a in the drawings, the V-shaped lug will drop into therecess 35, and the door will stand in that position unless considerableforce is exerted to move it one way or the other. In like manner thedoor may be turned to the position indicated by the dotted lines 19 inFig. 1, when the V- shaped lug 25 will drop into the recess 36, and thedoor will stand in that position.

An additional number of recesses and 36 may be employed, and by thismeans the door may be set at anydesired position, and no additionaldoor-stop is required to hold it in that desired position, thuspreventing the annoyance of having the blind or screen or door swingback and forth in the way. The segmental wall 22, being located as it isvery near to (in fact, in contact with) the spindle and passing aroundthe said spindle, forms a large bearing and guide on opposite sidesthereof and thereby serves to guide the spindle and prevent lateralmovement of the same duringoperation, and said segmental wall alsogreatly strengthens the hinge at a weak point;

Hinges constructed in accordance with the principles of my invention arevery simple and inexpensive and at the same time very efficient andsatisfactory for the purposes described.

I claim- A hinge comprising in its construction the plate 16, the arm 18formed integral with the upper half of said plate 16, the verticalcylindrioal portion 19 formed integral with said arm and having avertical opening to receive the spindle, the segmental wall 22,describing nearly half a circle, projecting downwardly from saidcylindrical portion, the lug 23 formed upon the side of the arm 18 andjoined to said segmental Wall 22, the lug 25 projecting downwardly fromnear the end of said wall 22, the lug 27 projecting from saidcylindrical portion 19 to a plane substantially in alinement with thelower edge of the segmental wall 22, the plate 29, the arm 31 formedintegral with the edge of said plate and substantially in a horizontalline with the lower half of said plate, said arm 31 being considerablylonger than said arm 18, the vertical cylindrical portion 33 formed uponthe free end of said arm 31, the segmental wall 34: extending upwardlyfrom said cylindrical portion and having the \I- shaped notches 35 and36 formed in its upper edge to receive the lug 25, the lug 36 formedupon the side of the arm 31 and joined to the Wall 34:, the lug 39projecting from the cylindrical portion 33 upwardly to a planesubstantially in line with the upper edge of the segmental wall 34:, andthe spindle projecting upwardly from the axial center of the cylindricalportion 33 and operating in the vertical opening in said cylindricalportion 19, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM D. BUCHANAN. Witnesses:

EDWARD E. LONGAN, MAUD GRIFFIN.

